founding legends

Ancient Roman Colosseum in Rome, Italy, with traffic passing by nearby streets

Why Rome Has Two Founding Myths: Aeneas and Romulus

Orin Vale

Rome’s two founding myths, Aeneas and Romulus, reveal more than a contradiction: they preserve different ways Romans explained their origins, one reaching back to Troy and the wider Mediterranean, the other rooted in Italy and civic violence. This excerpt explores how both traditions shaped Roman identity, authority, and historical memory, and why neither ever fully displaced the other.