military symbolism
Spear of Mars: Definition, History, and Mythology
Orin Vale
The Spear of Mars is not a single artifact but a powerful symbol of Roman martial authority, divine sanction, and the disciplined force of war. This article traces its origins in Roman religion and literature, explaining why the spear became an enduring emblem of Mars and a key motif in broader ancient mythology.
Bellona: Roman Goddess of War and Mythology
Orin Vale
Bellona is the ancient Roman goddess of war, associated with battle, military fury, and the violent force that accompanied conquest in Roman religion and politics. Her name, linked to *bellum*, reflects a complex history of Italic tradition, cult practice, and later symbolism that reveals how Romans understood war itself.
